Java Calendar详解 - 创建、获取、转换、日期加减
## 创建
Java月份是从0-11,月份设置时要减1
```java
// 使用当前时间创建
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
// 设置指定日期,月份需要减一
calendar.set(year, month - 1, day);
// 指定时间创建,参数依次为:年,月,日,时,分,秒,月份需要减一
Calendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar(2016, 8, 1, 15, 41, 22);
// Date转换为Calendar
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
calendar.setTime(date);
```
## 获取
### 获取年、月、日、时、分、秒、星期
```java
Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
int year = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR);
// 取月份要加1
int month = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1;
int day = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
int hover = calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
int minute = calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
int seconds = calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND);
// 1-7分别代表 -- 星期日,星期一,星期二,星期三,星期四,星期五,星期六
int week = calendar.get(calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);
```
### 获取当前月份的最大天数
```java
Calendar.getInstance().getActualMaximum(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
```
## 操作
### Calendar 转换为Date
```java
Date date = Calendar.getInstance().getTime();
```
### 日期加减
```java
public class TestCalendar {
// 使用默认时区和语言环境获得一个日历。
private static Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
public static void print(String name) {
System.out.print(name + ": ");
System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(calendar.getTime()));
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
print("当前时间 ");
calendar.add(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 1);
print("增加1小时");
calendar.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1);
print("增加1天 ");
calendar.add(Calendar.MONTH, 1);
print("增加1个月");
calendar.add(Calendar.YEAR, 1);
print("增加1年 ");
calendar.add(Calendar.YEAR, -2);
print("减少2年 ");
}
}
```
### 两个日期相差天数
```java
long millisOfDay = 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000;
Calendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar(2015, 9, 1);
Calendar calendar1 = new GregorianCalendar(2016, 9, 1);
Calendar calendar2 = new GregorianCalendar(2017, 9, 1);
// 2016年是闰年,得到366天
System.out.println((calendar1.getTimeInMillis() - calendar.getTimeInMillis()) / millisOfDay);
// 2017年是平年,得到365天
System.out.println((calendar2.getTimeInMillis() - calendar1.getTimeInMillis()) / millisOfDay);
```